The content of Module Two was sourced from the following:<\/p>\n
\n- Alabaster, G. P. (2016).<\/strong> Global policy challenges for urban vector-borne disease risks. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 42(10), 203\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v42i10a05\n<\/li>\n
- BC Centre for Disease Control. (2021).<\/strong> Lyme disease. Retrieved January 5, 2021 from http:\/\/www.bccdc.ca\/health-info\/diseases-conditions\/lyme-disease-borrelia-burgdorferi-infection\n<\/li>\n
- Berger, J. J. & Hayes, B. K. (n.d.)<\/strong> Tick-borne disease working group 2018 report to Congress. https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/tbdwg-report-to-congress-2018.pdf.\n<\/li>\n
- Berrang-Ford, L., Harper, S. L., & Eckhardt, R. (2016).<\/strong> Vector-borne diseases: Reconciling the debate between climatic and social determinants. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 42(10), 211\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v42i10a09\n<\/li>\n
- Berrang-Ford, L., MacLean, J. D., Gyorkos, T. W., & Ford, J. D. (2009).<\/strong> Climate Change and Malaria in Canada: A Systems Approach. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases (385487), 109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2009\/385487\n<\/li>\n
- Bouchard, C., Dibernardo, A., Koffi, J., Wood, H., Leighton, P. A., & Lindsay, L. R. (2019).<\/strong> Climate change and infectious diseases: The challenges: Increased risk of tick-borne diseases with climate and environmental changes. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 45(4), 83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v45i04a02\n<\/li>\n
- Bush, E. & Lemmen, D.S. (2019).<\/strong> Canada\u2019s changing climate report. Government of Canada. https:\/\/changingclimate.ca\/CCCR2019\n<\/li>\n
- Carignan, A., Valiquette, L., & Laupland, K. B. (2019).<\/strong> Impact of climate change on emerging infectious diseases: Implications for Canada. Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada, 4(2), 55-59.\n<\/li>\n
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2012).<\/strong> Lesson 1: Introduction to epidemiology. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/csels\/dsepd\/ss1978\/lesson1\/section2.html\n<\/li>\n
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2016).<\/strong> What is epidemiology? https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/careerpaths\/k12teacherroadmap\/epidemiology.html\n<\/li>\n
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2018).<\/strong> West Nile virus transmission. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/westnile\/transmission\/index.html\n<\/li>\n
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2019).<\/strong> Tick ID. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ticks\/tickbornediseases\/tickID.html\n<\/li>\n
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2020).<\/strong> Where Malaria occurs. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/malaria\/about\/distribution.html\n<\/li>\n
- Chen, C. C., Jenkins, E., Epp, T., Waldner, C., Curry, P. S., & Soos, C. (2013).<\/strong> Climate change and West Nile virus in a highly endemic region of North America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(7), 3052\u20133071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph10073052\n<\/li>\n
- Chen, D., Wong, H., Belanger, P., Moore, K., Peterson, M., & Cunningham, J. (2015).<\/strong> Analyzing the correlation between deer habitat and the component of the risk for Lyme disease in eastern Ontario, Canada: a GIS-based approach. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4(1), 105\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijgi4010105\n<\/li>\n
- Climate Atlas of Canada. (2019).<\/strong> Lyme disease under climate change. https:\/\/climateatlas.ca\/lyme-disease-under-climate-change\n<\/li>\n
- Cook, M. J. (2014).<\/strong> Lyme borreliosis: A review of data on transmission time after tick attachment. International Journal of General Medicine, 8, 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S73791\n<\/li>\n
- Ford, J. (2012).<\/strong> Indigenous health and climate change. American Journal of Public Health, 102(7), 1260-66. doi:10.2105\/AJPH.2012.30075\n<\/li>\n
- Gasmi, S., Ogden, N. H., Lindsay, L. R., Burns, S., Fleming, S., Badcock, J., Hanan, S., Gaulin, C., Leblanc, M. A., Russell, C., Nelder, M., Hobbs, L., Graham-Derham, S., Lachance, L., Scott, A. N., Galanis, E., & Koffi, J. K. (2017).<\/strong> Surveillance for Lyme disease in Canada: 2009\u20132015. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 43(10), 194-9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v43i10a01\n<\/li>\n
- Giordano, B. V., Kaur, S., & Hunter, F. F. (2017).<\/strong> West Nile virus in Ontario, Canada: A twelve-year analysis of human case prevalence, mosquito surveillance, and climate data. PLOS ONE, 12(8), e0183568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0183568\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Alberta. (2019).<\/strong> Lyme disease. https:\/\/myhealth.alberta.ca\/health\/pages\/conditions.aspx?Hwid=hw77226\n<\/li>\n
- Government of British Columbia. (2018).<\/strong> Ticks in British Columbia. Retrieved January 5, 2021 from https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/gov\/content\/industry\/agriculture-seafood\/animals-and-crops\/plant-health\/insects-and-plant-diseases\/home-garden\/ticks#blackleggedtick\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2015).<\/strong> For health professionals: West Nile Virus. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/west-nile-virus\/health-professionals-treating-west-nile-virus.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2016).<\/strong> Surveillance of malaria. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/malaria\/surveillance-malaria.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2016).<\/strong> West Nile Virus. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/west-nile-virus.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2017).<\/strong> Symptoms of Lyme disease. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/lyme-disease\/symptoms-lyme-disease.html#a1\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada (2018).<\/strong> West Nile and other mosquito-borne diseases surveillance report. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/publications\/diseases-conditions\/west-nile-virus-other-mosquito-borne-diseases-surveillance-annual-report-2018.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2019a).<\/strong> Insect bite prevention. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/insect-bite-prevention.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2019b).<\/strong> Lyme disease. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/lyme-disease.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2019c).<\/strong> Surveillance of Lyme disease. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/lyme-disease\/surveillance-lyme-disease.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2020a).<\/strong> Risk of Lyme disease to Canadians. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/lyme-disease\/risk-lyme-disease.html#a3\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2020b).<\/strong> Mosquito-borne disease surveillance report: September 27 to October 24, 2020 (Week 40 to 43). https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/publications\/diseases-conditions\/west-nile-virus-surveillance\/2020\/week-40-43-september-27-october-24.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Canada. (2020c).<\/strong> For health professionals: Lyme disease. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/public-health\/services\/diseases\/lyme-disease\/health-professionals-lyme-disease.html\n<\/li>\n
- Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. (2010).<\/strong> West Nile surveillance. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.gov.nl.ca\/ffa\/files\/agrifoods-animals-health-pdf-ds-08-002.pdf\n<\/li>\n
- Greenwood, M. & Lindsay, N. M. (2019).<\/strong> A commentary on land, health, and Indigenous knowledge(s). Global Health Promotion, 26(3), 82-86. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177%2F1757975919831262\n<\/li>\n
- Hierlihy, C. (2017).<\/strong> Climate change and vector-borne illness. https:\/\/www.cpha.ca\/climate-change-and-vector-borne-illness\n<\/li>\n
- Hongoh, V., Berrang-Ford, L., Scott, M. E., & Lindsay, L. R. (2012).<\/strong> Expanding geographical distribution of the mosquito, Culex pipiens, in Canada under climate change. Applied Geography, 33, 53\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apgeog.2011.05.015\n<\/li>\n
- Infection Prevention and Control Canada [IPAC]. (2019).<\/strong> West Nile virus resources. https:\/\/ipac-canada.org\/west-nile-virus-resources.php\n<\/li>\n
- Kulkarni, M. A., Berrang-Ford, L., Buck, P. A., Drebot, M. A., Lindsay, L. R., & Ogden, N. H. (2015).<\/strong> Major emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases of public health importance in Canada. Emerging Microbes and Infections, 4, e33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/emi.2015.33\n<\/li>\n
- Leighton, P. A., Koffi, J. K., Pelcat, Y., Lindsay, L. R., & Ogden, N. H. (2012).<\/strong> Predicting the speed of tick invasion: an empirical model of range expansion for the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in Canada. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49(2), 457\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2012.02112.x\n<\/li>\n
- Lindsay, L. R. (2016).<\/strong> Present state of common vector-borne diseases in Canada. Canadian Communicable Disease Report, 42(10), 200-1. doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v42i10a03. http:\/\/www.phac-aspc.gc.ca\/publicat\/ccdr-rmtc\/16vol42\/dr-rm42-10\/ar-03-eng.php\n<\/li>\n
- Ludwig A., Zheng H., Vrbova L., Drebot M.A., Iranpour M., Lindsay L.R. (2019).<\/strong> Increased risk of endemic mosquito-borne diseases in Canada due to climate change. Canadian Communicable Disease Report, 45(4), 90\u20137. doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v45i04a03<\/li>\n
- Lyme Disease and Tick-Borne Illnesses Task Force. (2018).<\/strong> Report of the Lyme disease and tick-borne illnesses task force. http:\/\/www.health.gov.on.ca\/en\/common\/ministry\/publications\/reports\/lyme_18\/ldtf_final_report_2018.pdf<\/span><\/li>\n
- Marcondes, C. B. (2017).<\/strong> Arthropod Borne Diseases. Cham: Springer International Publishing.\n<\/li>\n
- Martin, W., & Vold, L. (2019).<\/strong> Climate change and health. https:\/\/nursesunions.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/CFNU_climatechange-web.pdf\n<\/li>\n
- Mathieu K., & Karmali M. (2016).<\/strong> Vector-borne diseases, climate change and healthy urban living: Next steps. Canadian Communicable Disease Report, 42(10), 219-21. doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v42i10a13\n<\/li>\n
- McArthur, D. B. (2019).<\/strong> Emerging Infectious Diseases. Nursing Clinics, 54(2), 297-311. doi: 10.1016\/j.cnur.2019.02.006\n<\/li>\n
- Morens, D. M., Folkers, G. K., & Fauci, A. S. (2019).<\/strong> Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus \u2014 Another emergent arbovirus in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine, 381(21), 1989-1992. doi: 10.1056\/NEJMp1914328\n<\/li>\n
- Ng, V., Rees, E. E., Lindsay, L. R., Drebot, M. A., Brownstone, T., Sadeghieh, T., & Khan, S. U. (2019).<\/strong> Climate change and infectious diseases: The challenges: Could exotic mosquito-borne diseases emerge in Canada with climate change?. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 45(4), 98. doi: 10.14745\/ccdr.v45i04a04\n<\/li>\n
- Nicol, A. (2019).<\/strong> Rising concern of tick-borne diseases in Canada. Retrieved June 17, 2020 from https:\/\/ncceh.ca\/content\/blog\/rising-concern-tick-borne-diseases-canada\n<\/li>\n
- Ogden, N. H., Lindsay, L. R., Hanincov\u00e1, K., Barker, I. K., Bigras-Poulin, M., Charron, D. F., Heagy, A., Francis, C. M., O’Callaghan, C. J., Schwartz, I., & Thompson, R. A. (2008).<\/strong> Role of migratory birds in introduction and range expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Canada. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 74(6), 1780-1790. doi: 10.1128\/AEM.01982-07\n<\/li>\n
- Ogden, N. H. (2016).<\/strong> Vector-borne disease, climate change and urban design. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 42, 202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v42i10a04\n<\/li>\n
- Ogden, N. H., & Gachon, P. (2019).<\/strong> Climate change and infectious diseases: The challenges: Climate change and infectious diseases: What can we expect? Canada Communicable Disease Report, 45(4), 76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14745\/ccdr.v45i04a01\n<\/li>\n
- Ogden, N. H., & Lindsay, L. R. (2016).<\/strong> Effects of climate and climate change on vectors and vector-borne diseases: ticks are different. Trends in parasitology, 32(8), 646-656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pt.2016.04.015\n<\/li>\n
- Ogden, N. H. et al. (2019).<\/strong> What is the real number of Lyme disease cases in Canada? BMC Public Health, 19(849). doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-019-7219-x\n<\/li>\n
- Patel, S., Brandon, N., Mabaya, G., & Phillips, L. (2019).<\/strong> Public Health Ontario: Diagnosing and managing early Lyme disease in Ontario. https:\/\/www.hqontario.ca\/Events\/Diagnosing-and-Managing-Early-Lyme-Disease-in-Ontario\n<\/li>\n
- Paz, S. (2015).<\/strong> Climate change impacts on West Nile virus transmission in a global context. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370, 1665. doi: 10.1098\/rstb.2013.0561\n<\/li>\n
- Pf\u00e4ffle, M., Littwin, N., & Petney, T. N. (2015).<\/strong> The relationship between biodiversity and disease transmission risk. Research and Reports in Biodiversity Studies, 4, 9-20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/RRBS.S52433\n<\/li>\n
- Public Health Agency of Canada (2019).<\/strong> Mosquito-borne disease surveillance report: Weekly edition (week 34), 2019. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/content\/dam\/phac-aspc\/documents\/services\/publications\/diseases-conditions\/west-nile-virus-surveillance\/2019\/week34\/report-week34-eng.pdf\n<\/li>\n
- Public Health Ontario. (2020).<\/strong> Vector-borne and zoonotic diseases. https:\/\/www.publichealthontario.ca\/en\/diseases-and-conditions\/infectious-diseases\/vector-borne-zoonotic-diseases\n<\/li>\n
- Sonenshine, D. E. (2018).<\/strong> Range expansion of tick disease vectors in North America: implications for spread of tick-borne disease. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 478. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15030478\n<\/li>\n
- Tick-Borne Disease Working Group. (2018).<\/strong> Report to Congress. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/tbdwg-report-to-congress-2018.pdf\n<\/li>\n
- Waddell, L. A., Greig, J., Lindsay, L. R., Hinckley, A. F., & Ogden, N. H. (2018).<\/strong> A systematic review on the impact of gestational Lyme disease in humans on the fetus and newborn. PLoS ONE, 13(11): e0207067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0207067\n<\/li>\n
- Wang, G., Minnis, R. B., Belant, J. L., & Wax, C. L. (2010).<\/strong> Dry weather induces outbreaks of human West Nile virus infections. BMC infectious diseases, 10(1), 38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-10-38\n<\/li>\n
- Wang, X., Wang, J., Russell, C., Proctor, P., Bello, R., Higuchi, K., & Zhu, H. (2014).<\/strong> Clustering of the abundance of West Nile virus vector mosquitoes in Peel Region, Ontario, Canada. Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 21(4), 651-666. doi: 10.1007\/s10651-014-0273-8\n<\/li>\n
- Warren, F. J., & Lemmen, D.S., (Eds). (2014).<\/strong> Canada in a Changing Climate: Sector Perspectives on Impacts and Adaptation. Government of Ontario.\n<\/li>\n
- World Health Organization. (2019).<\/strong> World malaria report 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2021 from https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241565721\n<\/li>\n
- Zheng, H., Drebot, M. A., & Coulthart, M. B. (2014).<\/strong> West Nile virus in Canada: ever-changing, but here to stay. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 40(10), 173\u2013177.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":1607,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbd.casn.ca\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}